Reasons for teaching writing
   • Many reasons for getting students to write, 
     both in and outside class
     – Thinking times;
      • Language processing (thinking about the language)
      • Thinking about writing
        – Writing-for-learning; writing is used as practice tool to help 
          students practice and work with the language they have been 
          studying. E.g., ask students to write five sentences using a 
          given structure.
        – Writing-for-writing;  writing is directed at developing the 
          students’ skills as writers. E.g., ask students to write such 
          things as emails, letters, and reports
        Writing Issues
    1. GENRE 
    2. THE WRITING PROCESS
    3. BUILDING THE WRITING HABITS
                                   NARRATIVE
        • Social Function (purpose)
              To narrate stories
        •    Rhetorical Stages
               1.  Orientation    (Who  involves in the story, when 
                   and where)
               2. Complication   (a problem arises and followed by 
                   other problems)  What problem did the 
                   characteristics have?
               3. Resolution (Provide solution to the problem)               
                   How was the problem solved?
             EXPLANATION
   • Social Function :
     – To explain the processes involved in the formation or 
      working or working of natural or socio cultural 
      phenomena.  
     – To tell and why image occur in scientific and technical 
      fields (often used in science, history and geography)
   • Rhetorical stages :
     1. General Statement to position the reader
     2. A sequenced explanation of why or how something 
      occurs
     3. Closing
             DISCUSSION
  •   Social Function :
    –To present information and opinions about more than one 
    side of an issue ( For points and against points)
  • Rhetorical Stages :
    1. Opening statement presenting the issue
    2. Arguments or evidence for different points of views.
    3. Arguments is on each side of the debate are clearly started
    4. Conclusion based on the argument