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international research journal of engineering and technology irjet e issn 2395 0056 volume 03 issue 07 july 2016 www irjet net p issn 2395 0072 quality improvement practices in bituminous ...

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                   International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)      e-ISSN: 2395 -0056 
                              Volume: 03 Issue: 07 | July-2016                      www.irjet.net                                                     p-ISSN:  2395-0072 
                Quality Improvement Practices in Bituminous Road Construction 
                                                                         1                    2 
                                                  Megha Deshmukh , Prajakta Shete
             1 
              Post Graduate Student, Civil Engineering Dept., RMD Sinhgad School Of Engineering, Pune, Maharashtra, India 
           2Assistant Professor, Civil Engineering Department, RMD Sinhgad School of Engineering, Pune, Maharashtra, India 
            
           Abstract  -  An  efficient  transport  system  is  a  pre-          improvement  in  the  property  of  bitumen  and 
           requisite for the sustainable development of a country.             bituminous  mixes  is  needed.  So  disposal  of  different 
           Which plays a very important role in the speedy and                 wastes  from  different  industries  is  great  problem. 
           economic  growth  of  a  country.  In  India  mostly                Plastic and electronic waste used everywhere in today’s 
           bituminous  roads  are  preferred.  The  significant                life.  Researchers  have  proven  the  health  hazards 
           change  in  seasonal  temperature  demands  improved                caused  by  improper  disposal  of  plastic  waste  and  e-
           road characteristics. With developments in science and              waste. 
           technology, the use of non decaying materials such as                                 It  is  necessary  to  be  environment  friendly 
           plastic,  blast  furnace  slag,  scrap  tyres  electronics          because  of  increased  global  warming  and  climate 
           waste  etc.  offers  an  economically  viable  and                  change.    Becoming      environment      friendly    in 
           sustainable  alternative  towards  increasing  demand               transportation  projects  implies  environment  friendly 
           for  better  road  construction.  Nowadays,  the  rate  of          construction of roads with the availability of alternative 
           production  of  waste  has  increased  tremendously  in             materials.   In   developing   countries    like  India, 
           almost  all  parts  of  the  world  in  past  few  decades.         considerable  amount  of  e-waste  is  generated  every 
           Electronic  waste  management  has  always  been  big               year.  This  huge  amount  of  problems  with  respect  to 
           issue  in  India  and  other  countries.  Disposal  of              handling and storage, which are important both from 
           electronic waste is difficult because of non degradable             the economic and environmental point of view. In this 
           plastic  content  and  metals  like  lithium,  copper  and          way these materials can be utilized in an eco friendly 
           aluminum  which  may  leads  to  adverse  effect  on                way,  providing  solutions  to  their  disposal  with  a 
           environment.  Objective  is  to  improve  the  quality  by          commitment  towards  development  of  infrastructure 
           coating  the  aggregates  with  plastic  to  reduce  the            and  accountability  towards  society  at  large.  With 
           deterioration  and  to  what  extent  bitumen  and                  increased  industrialization  and  growth  in  population 
           aggregate replaced by waste plastic and e-waste. The                there  is  increase  in  demand  for  traditional  road 
           bitumen is partially replaced by polythene bags and                 construction materials such as bitumen, aggregate etc. 
           aggregate partially replaced by e-waste.                            the  question  is  of  sustainable  development.  To  deal 
           Keywords:  Improvement,  Replacement,  E-waste  and                 with  the  problem,  study  on  use  of  plastic  waste  as 
           waste Plastic, bituminous road, Economical.                         partial replacement to bitumen in flexible pavement is 
                           1.    INTRODUCTION                                  considered in the present work.  
                         The factors causes’ failure in flexible pavements                        2. OBJECTIVE 
           in  the  form  of  ruts,  fatigue  cracks  etc.  and  also  ruts         To find a suitable alternative method for disposal 
           affect the riding comfort, increase in wear and tear of             of plastic waste and electronic waste in eco-friendly way. 
           the  vehicle  and  reduce  life  of  flexible  pavements.  So 
         © 2016, IRJET       |       Impact Factor value: 4.45        |       ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal       |        Page 1730 
          
                         International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)      e-ISSN: 2395 -0056 
                                        Volume: 03 Issue: 07 | July-2016                      www.irjet.net                                                     p-ISSN:  2395-0072 
                             To overcome the problems new technologies and                                                                              3. EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS 
                   alternative methods has potential to improve the quality                                                              I.    Study  of  physical  properties  of  experimental 
                   of work.                                                                                                            materials. To check the suitability of material for use in 
                             To  find  suitable  alternative  over  conventional                                                      road  pavement  construction,  numbers  of  tests  were 
                   materials with improvement in strength.                                                                             carried out on the materials.  
                             To  use  waste  material  in  flexible  pavement 
                   without  increasing  cost  per  unit  and  sacrificing                                                                1.  Bitumen is defined as, “A viscous liquid or a solid, 
                   durability.                                                                                                                consisting  essentially  of  hydrocarbons  and  their 
                                          2.LITERATURE REVIEW                                                                                 derivatives,  which  is  soluble  in  trichloroethylene 
                                                                                                                                              and  its  substantially  non  volatile  and  softens 
                                        Mr. Randive and Tapase [1] reported that the                                                          gradually when heated. Bitumen is obtained as the 
                   effect of plastic waste as a replacement to bitumen by                                                                     last  residue  in  fractional  distillation  of  crude 
                   dry mix process in bituminous concrete layer of flexible                                                                   petroleum. 
                   pavement.  Tests  for  different  percentage  of  bitumen                                                                   
                   content ranging from 4.5-6 percent by an increment of                                                                   2.     Aggregates are natural materials and are the most 
                   0.5 percent and bitumen replaced by plastic in range of 5                                                                      important  constituents  of  road  construction 
                   percent to 20 percent were taken. It is observed that                                                                          Aggregates are also used as base material under 
                   aggregates coated with plastic waste before mixing with                                                                        road construction. Aggregate contributes up to 90-
                   bitumen  results  sudden  increase  in  stability.  It  is                                                                     95  percentage  of  the  mixture  weight  and 
                   because plastic coated aggregates do not allow water to                                                                        contributes to most of the load bearing & strength 
                   enter inside and increase its stripping value.                                                                                 characteristics of mixture. 
                                   Ajay  Swarup,  Pradeep  Kumar  Agarwal,  Abdul                                                          3.     Electric         and  electronic  waste  (e-waste)  is 
                   Bashit  Khan  [2]  says  the  existing  huge  rural  road                                                                      currently the largest growing waste stream. It is 
                   network is highlighting the need to take some effective                                                                        hazardous, complex and expensive to treat in an 
                   measures             for       controlling             and        maintaining               the                                environmentally  sound  manner  and  there  is  a 
                   deterioration  of  the  rural  road  infrastructure  in  the                                                                   general  lack  of  legislation  or  enforcement 
                   country. The various strategies are used in reducing cost                                                                      surrounding  it.  Today,  most  e-waste  is  being 
                   of construction of road. 1. Strategies by moderation of                                                                        discarded in the general waste stream. 
                   geometric standard 2. Strategies for need based stage                                                                   4.      Safe  disposal  of  waste  plastic  is  a  serious 
                   construction  3.Strategies  for  use  of  locally  available                                                                   environmental problem. Being a non degradable 
                   material           4.Strategies            using         iron        slag       for       road                                 material it does not decay over time and even if 
                   Construction 5. Strategies by using ground improvement                                                                         dumped  in  landfills,  finds  its  way  back  in  the 
                   techniques.                                                                                                                    environment through air and water erosion, can 
                             Achal  Garg  and  Harvinder  Yadav  [3]  says  that                                                                  choke the drains and drainage channels. Bottles, 
                   applications of industrial wastes have been considered                                                                         containers and packing strip etc is increasing day 
                   in  road  construction  with  great  interest  in  many                                                                        to day.  
                   industrialized  and  developing  countries.  The  use  of                                                             II.   Following  are  some  important  features  of  the   
                   these materials in road construction is based on various                                                            experimental work- 
                   technical, economic and ecological criteria for which a                                                                    a.  Specimen:               Cylindrical             100         mm  diameter 
                   critical review has been presented in this paper.                                                                                specimen which is compacted with hammer on 
                                                                                                                                                    either side with 75 blows, as per MORTH 2001. 
               © 2016, IRJET       |       Impact Factor value: 4.45        |       ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal       |        Page 1731 
                
                   International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)      e-ISSN: 2395 -0056 
                              Volume: 03 Issue: 07 | July-2016                      www.irjet.net                                                     p-ISSN:  2395-0072 
                b.  Type  of  waste:  HDPE  plastics  carry  bags  in           aggregate  by  volume  and  plastic  waste  as  partial 
                   shredded form. Electronic chips, circuit boards in           replacement to bitumen by weight in flexible pavement.  
                   shredded form.                                               Following parameter are to be check in testing program. 
                c.  Bitumen type 80/100 grade                                       a.  Stability 
                d.  Type of test- Marshall Stability test                           b.  Percent air voids 
            In the present investigation an attempt has been made                   c.  Percent  voids in mineral aggregate 
           to  see  the  effect  of  e-waste  as  partial  replacement  of          d.  Bulk density  
                                                                                    e.  Flow
          Table -3.1: Test Result of Bitumen                                       Table -3.2: Test Result of Natural Aggregate 
                 Sr.         Tests             Temperature             Result          Permissible As Per 
                 No       Conducted         Maintained During        Obtained             MORTH 2001 
                                                    Test 
                                                      0
                  1         Ductility               27 C              71.26 cm           75 cm minimum 
                                                                            0                  0     0
                  2     Softening Point               -                47.25 c              40 c -55 c 
                                                      0
                  3       Penetration               25 C                 90                   80/100 
                                                      0
                  4     Specific Gravity            27 C                1.02                   1.00 
          
          
          
          
          
          
          
          
          
          
          
          
          
          
          
          
          
          
          
         © 2016, IRJET       |       Impact Factor value: 4.45        |       ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal       |        Page 1732 
          
                     International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)      e-ISSN: 2395 -0056 
                                 Volume: 03 Issue: 07 | July-2016                      www.irjet.net                                                     p-ISSN:  2395-0072 
             
                                                              Table -3.3: Properties of Bitumen mix 
                                   Sr.       Property            Name Of The Test              Actual          Permissible Value As 
                                   No                                                           Value            Per MORTH 2001 
                                    1    Strength               Crushing Strength              20.7 %                  30% Max 
                                                                Los Angeles                     17.32                  30%Max 
                                                                Abrasion Value 
                                                                Impact Value                    14.45                  24%Max 
                                    2    Average                Specific Gravity                 2.6                      2-3 
                                         Specific Gravity        
                                    3    Water                  Water Absorption                 1.26                   2%Max 
                                         Absorption 
                                    4    Particle Shape         Flakiness                         13                   30%Max 
                                                                Elongation                        14                   30%Max 
                                    5    Stripping              Coating And                 Retained 97          Minimum Retained 
                                                                Stripping Of                                             95% 
                                                                Bitumen Aggregate 
                                                                Mixture 
                      Sr.        Properties                     Properties of Mix with Different Percent of Plastic + E-waste  
                      No 
                                                      Control     (5+7.5)%       (5+10)%  (5+15)%  (7.5+7.5)% (7.5+10)%  (7.5+15)% 
                                                        mix 
                       1     Marshall Stability         8.85          9.24          8.98          8.25           9.38           9.06           7.80 
                       2     Bulk Density               2.30          2.42          2.34          2.31           2.56           2.40           2.29 
                       3     Air voids (%)              5.87          6.27          5.92          5.80           6.42           6.08           4.61 
                       4     V.M.A (%)                  16.2         16.72         16.38         15.21          16.86          16.25          15.38 
                       5     Flow (mm)                  2.38          2.98          2. 52         2. 26          2.71           2.63           2.32 
           © 2016, IRJET       |       Impact Factor value: 4.45        |       ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal       |        Page 1733 
            
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...International research journal of engineering and technology irjet e issn volume issue july www net p quality improvement practices in bituminous road construction megha deshmukh prajakta shete post graduate student civil dept rmd sinhgad school pune maharashtra india assistant professor department abstract an efficient transport system is a pre the property bitumen requisite for sustainable development country mixes needed so disposal different which plays very important role speedy wastes from industries great problem economic growth mostly plastic electronic waste used everywhere today s roads are preferred significant life researchers have proven health hazards change seasonal temperature demands improved caused by improper characteristics with developments science use non decaying materials such as it necessary to be environment friendly blast furnace slag scrap tyres electronics because increased global warming climate etc offers economically viable becoming alternative towards i...

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