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SteelWise AISCDesignGuides Making Life a Little Easier By Sergio Zoruba, Ph.D. For many structural steel design challenges, AISC has a design guide to help you through. he AISC Steel Solutions Center washers, and excellent recommendations ceilings, partitions, and equipment. The answers thousands of technical from the experts. guide also presents the latest revision to questions every year concern- Asecond edition of Design Guide 1 is existing vibration information due to ing structural steel design and scheduled to be published later in 2005. It human activity and machines as it relates Tconstruction. For the most part, will address the new OSHA erection to modal damping (a good supplement the questions are based on AISC Specifica- requirements that distinguish between to Design Guide 11: Floor Vibrations Due to tion provisions or design recommenda- posts and columns, as well as discuss base Human Activity). The guide contains tions found in the AISC Manual. But then, plate details pertaining to analysis information on cambering beams and there are a variety of questions with assumptions of pin and fixed column how deflection issues relate to the con- answers that can’t be found in those two anchorage, anchor rod pretension, contract struction of concrete slabs. Roof ponding important publications. documents, double-nutted anchorage con- cladding-structure interaction and mem- Fortunately, AISC’s Design Guide pub- figurations without grout and their design, brane and metal roofs are also addressed. lications offer an abundance of design regular and shear holes, fatigue, high-seis- Design Guide 4: information on topics too broad for the mic design, applicable limit states, and Extended End-Plate Moment Specification or Manual. Common design base plate design examples. Connections, 2nd Edition questions, such as how to account for Design Guide 2: This second edition now addresses shear in column anchorages, or when to Steel and Composite Beams with Web seismic and wind applications. It use slip-critical bolted joints, are Openings includes design procedures and exam- addressed in AISC design guides. Design Guide 2 offers thorough guid- ples for the four-bolt extended stiffened AISC design guides provide compre- ance for the design of beams with circular and unstiffened, as well as the eight-bolt hensive guidance on specialized technical or rectangular openings in their webs. extended stiffened, end-plate moment topics relevant to structural steel design, Included in the design guide are LRFD connections. Users will find that the and they are authored by recognized indus- and ASD design procedures for the guide contains a clarified design try experts. They can be ordered through effects of holes subjected to moment approach to seismic end-plate connection the AISC web site at www.aisc.org/book- and/or shear. Most importantly, the design compared to the recommenda- store, or by calling 800.644.2400. All AISC guide covers design cases for both com- tions found in FEMA 350. The basis for members have free access to AISC’s posite and non-composite steel beams, each design recommendation is outlined ePubs web site, www.aisc.org/epubs, and includes a step-by-step procedure for in detail and presented as a step-by-step where they can instantly download elec- checking, proportioning, and detailing procedure. Connection limit states are tronic copies of AISC design guides any beam web openings and reinforcement. discussed in the guide to help designers time, anywhere. Abrief summary of each understand the principles behind the design guide follows. Design Guide 3: behavior of extended end-plate moment Design Guide 1: Serviceability Design Considerations connections. Column Base Plates for Steel Buildings, 2nd Edition The AISC LRFD Manual of Steel Con- Did you know that the recommended Design Guide 5: struction addresses the most common maximum vertical deflection for an Low- and Medium-Rise Steel Buildings case for column anchorage design—axial underhung crane runway beam is L/450? Agreat primer for designers involved in compression. What to do if you also need Recommended maximum serviceability multi-story designs, Design Guide 5 to design for uplift, overturning moment, values and considerations for a wide addresses many of the most common ques- or shear? That’s where Design Guide 1 range of building applications are dis- tions regarding the design of buildings. The comes to the rescue. The guide discusses cussed in detail in Design Guide 3. This guide includes design rules for economy, proper methods for column base shear guide contains several tables with recom- live load and bay size selection, composite resistance, suggestions for sizing plate mended maximum serviceability values floors, open web joist floors, wind load for roofing, skylight supports, cladding, design, and other associated design topics. February 2005 • Modern Steel Construction It also discusses floor load capacity cepts of torsion in open and closed cross- moment connections, including retrofit enhancement, shored vs. unshored con- sections, this design guide facilitates calcu- solutions with a welded haunch, bolted struction, and underfloor duct systems. lations of torsional stresses and establishes a bracket, or reduced beam section (RBS). Design Guide 6: basis for design. For open-sections such as Based on experimental results, recommen- Load and Resistance Factor Design of W-shapes, the normal and shear stresses dations for modification of pre-North- W-Shapes Encased in Concrete due to both pure and warping torsion can ridge moment connections are presented Design Guide 6 contains more than 300 be calculated using the guide. In addition, and discussed in detail. In addition, the pages of LRFD composite beam-column channel and Z-shaped open cross-sections guide discusses practical considerations design strength values. In addition, a are addressed, as well as closed cross-sec- for remedial work, such as removal and thorough discussion of the use and tions such as rectangular and round HSS restoration of building finishes. design of composite columns is pre- and steel pipe. Several examples and design Design Guide 13: sented, covering practical design consid- curves are included in the guide. Stiffening of Wide-Flange Columns at erations, fire resistance, longitudinal rein- Design Guide 10: Moment Connections: Wind and forcing bar arrangement, ties, Erection Bracing of Low-Rise Seismic Applications longitudinal reinforcing bar splices, con- Structural Steel Buildings Do you need guidance in designing nection of steel beams to encased wide- Design Guide 10 addresses both per- column stiffening for strong- and weak- flange columns, shear connectors, base manent and temporary erection bracing, axis moment connections? Design Guide plates, erection, and temporary wind including an important chapter on con- 13 contains this information and much bracing during composite frame con- struction phase loads. Topics addressed more. The guide offers multiple exam- struction. include column and column base (with ples for the proper design of transverse Design Guide 7: extensive discussions of potential failure stiffeners, web doubler plates and diago- Industrial Buildings, Roofs to Column modes, including fracture of fillet welds nal stiffeners. Detailed discussions are Anchorage between the two, bending failure of base included on topics such as unreinforced Design Guide 7 addresses all facets of plates, anchor rod rupture, buckling, columns, stiffness considerations, force industrial building design and includes a pull, push-through, and push-out), dis- transfer and the economical selection of comprehensive section on crane runway cussions of tie members, beam to column columns. Also covered are detailing rec- design. Part I covers owner-established connections, and diaphragms. In addi- ommendations for special cases, such as design criteria, roof systems, roof trusses, tion, wire rope diagonal bracing and con- column stiffening for beams of differing wall systems, framing schemes, bracing nections are covered, as well as design of depth and beam framing over columns. systems, column anchorage, and service- deadmen. The appendix includes design recom- ability criteria. Part II concentrates on the Design Guide 11: mendations for weak-axis moment con- complete design of industrial buildings Floor Vibrations Due to Human Activity nections, including research findings. with cranes and addresses fatigue, roof, Did you know that people in offices Design Guide 14: wall, framing and bracing systems, crane and residences do not like distinctly per- Staggered Truss Framing Systems runway girder design, crane runway fab- ceptible vibration, whereas people taking Originally developed in the 1960s, rication/erection tolerances, and column part in an activity will accept vibrations staggered truss framing continues to be a design. Stepped column design is also approximately 10 times greater? Design competitive framing configuration for discussed. A second edition of Design Guide 11 has an entire chapter devoted to mid-rise structures. Topics addressed in Guide 7 will be published later in 2005. human response to floor motion, and Design Guide 14 include diaphragm Design Guide 8: addresses both walking and rhythmic action using hollow-core precast plank Partially Restrained Composite excitations. There is also a chapter that floor slabs and the design of truss mem- Connections addresses design for the effects of vibra- bers and connections in wind and low- Based on extensive research domesti- tion on sensitive equipment. Special con- seismic applications (R = 3). Special cally and abroad, Design Guide 8 intro- sideration for determining the natural topics such as mechanical design consid- duces design criteria for designing with frequency of open-web steel joists and erations, plank leveling, erection, coordi- PR-CC connections. This approach joist girders is included. Several design nation with subcontractors, foundation affords the designer the ability to econo- examples are given, including interior overturning and sliding, and balcony mize beam sizes for gravity loading or to office bays, footbridges, and mezzanines. design are also covered. resist lateral loads in unbraced frames. Remedial measures are discussed in Design Guide 15: The guide contains several sections, detail. AISC Rehabilitation and Retrofit Guide including an introduction to PR-CC con- Design Guide 12: If you periodically work in retrofitting nections, covers analysis, moment-rota- Modification of Existing Welded Steel old structural steel buildings, then you tion curves, design procedures, and Moment Frames Connections for definitely need Design Guide 15 and its examples. As a bonus, the appendix con- Seismic Design included CD companion, the Shapes Data- tains a short but detailed discussion of Where would you look to find infor- base v3.1H. Design Guide 15 contains over story sway calculations. mation for upgrading existing seismic 300 pages of historical information, Design Guide 9: moment connections? Simple. FEMA including dimensional and geometrical Torsional Analysis of Structural Steel 351/352 and Design Guide 12. This design properties of structural steel and Members guide discusses strategies and solutions wrought iron sections. The yield and ten- An excellent introduction to the con- for the upgrade of existing pre-Northridge sile strengths of structural steels, includ- February 2005 • Modern Steel Construction ing ASTM A7 and A9, are tabulated over Design Guide 19: the past 100 years. Allowable stress infor- Fire Resistance of Structural Steel mation for bolts, rivets, and welds over Framing the past several decades are tabulated Have you ever been confused by fire There are chapters dedicated to the eval- protection requirements and systems? uation and enhancement of existing This new design guide covers all facets of structural systems and an appendix that structural steel fire resistance, including outlines historical changes to the AISC building code requirements, thermal specifications since their inception. restraint, rated designs, the standard fire Design Guide 16: test and fire protection materials. There is Flush and Extended Multiple-Row ample fire design information for steel Moment End-Plate Connections columns and associated fire protection This design guide covers two- and systems and enclosures. In addition, steel four-bolted flush unstiffened, and four- roof and floor systems, including steel bolt stiffened moment end-plate connec- trusses, are discussed and examples tions. This design guide includes design given for determining the required thick- 1 ness of protection coatings. There is also a examples for multiple row ½ and /3 chapter on spray-applied fire resistive extended unstiffened moment end-plate material testing and inspection, as well as 1 connections, as well as the /3 stiffened ver- one on engineered fire protection. ★ sion. For pre-engineered metal buildings, there is a chapter dedicated to gable-frame Sergio Zoruba is a senior engineer in panel-zone design. In addition, design AISC’s Steel Solutions Center in Chicago. procedures for using snug-tightened and pretensioned bolts are addressed. Design Guide 17: High Strength Bolts – A Primer for Structural Engineers Amust-have design guide on struc- tural bolting, this primer assists engi- neers in understanding the basis of the requirements in the RCSC Specification for Structural Joints Using ASTM A325 or A490 Bolts. The guide also includes a chapter dedicated to the static strength of rivets, which can be invaluable for retro- fit work. The guide addresses bolt instal- lation, inspection, behavior, and design. In addition, specialized topics are cov- ered, including the proper use of wash- ers, galvanized bolts, reuse of high- strength bolts, joints with combined bolts and weld, and surface coatings. Design Guide 18: Steel-Framed Open-Deck Parking Structures Design Guide 18 addresses the design of steel parking structures using five unique types of deck systems: cast-in- place reinforced concrete, cast-in-place post-tensioned slabs, precast double tees, filigree systems, and hollow-core plank. Deck system design parameters and framing systems are discussed in detail, including design examples in LRFD and ASD. In addition, there are several chap- ters that examine mixed-use structures, fire protection requirements, barriers and facades, stairs and elevators, and corro- sion protection for exposed steel in open- deck parking structures. February 2005 • Modern Steel Construction
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