Learning outcomes and timings
     Topic                                                            Allocated time
     ATP as energy currency / coupled reaction principles                  2 hours
     Energy Systems: ATP / PC                                               1 hour
     Energy Systems: Glycolytic                                             1 hour
     Energy Systems: Aerobic System                                        2 hours
     The energy continuum                                                  2 hours
     Interplay of energy systems during intermittent exercise               1 hour
     The recovery process                                                   1 hour
     Effect of exercise intensity on EPOC and the implications for         2 hours
     planning exercise or training sessions
     Total                                                                 12 hours
                                                                                  © OCR 2019
      ATP: Energy currency
     All muscular contractions in the human body require 
     ATP to release the energy for the contraction to take 
     place. 
     Once ATP has been exhausted the body uses other 
     sources to RESYNTHESISE the ATP. 
     The method of resynthesis depends on the duration 
     and intensity of the activity being undertaken.
     In this way ATP is known as the energy currency of 
     the body.
                                                                                      © OCR 2019
      ATP
     ATP is made up of one ADENOSINE 
     molecule and three PHOSPHATE 
     molecules.
     Each molecule is held together by a HIGH 
     ENERGY PHOSPATE BOND. 
     The energy stored in the phosphate bonds is 
     what released to cause muscular 
     contractions.
     The chemical reaction which causes the 
     molecules to split is catalyzed by the 
     enzyme ATPase.
                                                                                      © OCR 2019
         Principle of coupled reactions
         Exothermic Reactions
         When a high energy phosphate bond broken it releases heat and 
         energy. This is known as an EXOTHERMIC REACTION.
                                              Phosphate
                Adenosine                     Phosphate                    Phosphate                     Phosphate                     Energy
                                                                                             ATPase
         Endothermic Reactions
         To replace the bond between two molecules an energy is required 
         from an alternative source. This is known as an ENDOTHERMIC 
         REACTION.
         The continual breakdown and resynthesis of ATP is known as a 
         COUPLED REACTION.
             Adenosine                     PPhhosospphhaattee           Phosphate                     Phosphate
                                                                                                                                                      © OCR 2019
                         ATPase
            ATP                          ADP       +     P     +         ENERGY
                                            
                        EXOTHERMIC REACTION 
                      (GIVES OFF HEAT/ENERGY)
             ENERGY         +     P     +      ADP                            ATP
                      ENDOTHERMIC REACTION 
                      (REQUIRES HEAT/ENERGY)
                                                                                © OCR 2019