Agenda
          •    Intro – the IPv6 prelude and the MPLS fugue ...
          •    IPv6 and MPLS – current solutions for the IPv6 edge of an IPv4 core:
                     • 6PE, 6VPE, IPv6-over-TE tunnels ... or native IPv6
          •    MPLS over an IPv6-only core – MPLS transport challenges:
                     • LDPv6, RSVP-TEv6, BGP-LU(v6), SPRINGv6
          •    MPLS service challenges in an IPv6 core:
                     • L3 VPN
                     • L2 VPN – VPLS/VPWS/EVPN
                     • MVPN
                                                    Can we get rid of IPv4 
                                                           actually ???
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         Prelude – IPv6 Takes up ...
          •    SPs introduce IPv6 to please the nerds                                because they have no other choice (out of “v4 stock”)
          •    RFC 6540 - IPv6 Support Required for All IP-Capable Nodes (2012!)
          •    ripe-554 - Requirements for IPv6 in ICT Equipment (2010-2012)
          •    IAB Statement on IPv6 (2016):
                •  We recommend that all (future) networking standards assume the use of IPv6,
                   and be written so they do not require IPv4. 
                                       Will the Internet world 
                                         (eventually?) default
                                                 to IPv6?
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           Fugue - MPLS is Still Out There ...
          •   MPLS - invented in the late 1990s
          •   Envisaged for an odd use case (ATM/IP interworking).
          •   But we use it for other reasons today:
               •   MPLS VPN
               •   Traffic Engineering
               •   Fast traffic restoration (FRR)
          •   Can’t we do it with: overlays, underlays ... ^.*lays$ ...
          •   MPLS doesn’t give up that easy, like its A** predecessor:
               •   Mobile operators just love it! 
               •   Reason – SDH-grade fast restoration, TE ...
                             Problem – it was developed assuming an IPv4 core
                             Problem – it was developed assuming an IPv4 core
                                                         as its foundation!
                                                         as its foundation!
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          Prelude Again –IPv4 Packet Forwarding
          Although, IPv6 is the same thing ...                                                              Destination      Intf
                                                                                                            10.1.1.1         11
                                                           Destination      Intf                            11.2.2.2         21
                                                           14.3.3.3         1                               14.3.3.3         31
                                                           11.2.2.2         2
                                                           10.1.1.1         3                                                 11
                                                                                        IP 10.1.1.1           31                                  1
                                                                                                                                               .1.
                                                                                3                                                          0.1
                                                                                                                                          1
                                                                                                                                       P 
                                                             1                                                                         I
                         Destination      Intf                                                                              21
                         10.1.1.1         1                               2
                         11.2.2.2         2           IP 10.1.1.1
                         14.3.3.3         3
               14.3.3.3           3             1                                                                                               11.2.2.2
                                                 2
             IP 10.1.1.1
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          Prelude Again –IPv6 Packet Forwarding
                                                                                                           Destination               Intf
                                                Destination               Intf                             2001:a:b::/48             11
                                                2a01:c::/32               2                                2a01:c::/32               21
                                                2b01:80:1::/56            1                                2b01:80:1::/56            31
                                                2001:a:b::/48             3                                                    11
                                                                                      IP 2001:a:b:8::1         31                                     1
                                                                                                                                                     :
                                                                                                                                                    :
                                                                                                                                                   8
                                                                                                                                                b:
                                                                                                                                              a:
                                                                                3                                                            :
                                                                                                                                          01
                                                                                                                                         0
                                                                                                                                       2
                                                              1                                                                      P 
                                                                                                                                    I
            Destination                Intf                                                                                  21
            2001:a:b::/48              1                                  2
            2a01:c::/32                2           IP 2001:a:b:8::1
            2b01:80:1::/56             3
               14.3.3.3           3             1                                                                                                11.2.2.2
                                                 2
          IP 2001:a:b:8::1
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