Who hate statistics!!
                                   2
   SIGNIFICANT TEST  
       Significant test & p-value
       Null hypothesis vs alternative/research hypothesis
       Type I & II errors
   TYPES OF STATISTICS 
       Descriptive statistics
       Inferential statistics
    ผผ.ผผ.ผผผผผผผ ผผผผผผผผผผผผ 2016
               Significant test & p-value
                                    3
    Significant level 
     is defined as the degree of risk that the researcher 
     set for testing or rejecting a null hypothesis when 
     the null hypothesis is true (Salkind, 2011). 
     .05 and .01 are also known as the rejection level or 
     significant level (Howell, 2010).
     [If .05] expect that no more than 5 times out of 100 
     times will decide to keep the alternative (research) 
     hypothesis and it is wrong.  
    ผผ.ผผ.ผผผผผผผ ผผผผผผผผผผผผ 2016
                          Hypotheses
                                    4
    Null hypothesis (H0) 
     No difference [=]
    Research (alternative) hypothesis (H1) 
     Difference [≠,<, >]
       Unknown --- two tails 
       Known ---one tails  
    Making Decision on H0 [hypothesis testing]
     The result of p-value 
    ผผ.ผผ.ผผผผผผผ ผผผผผผผผผผผผ 2016
                     Type I & II errors
                                    5
    Null hypothesis (H0) 
     No difference [=]
    Research (alternative) hypothesis 
    (H1) 
     Difference [<, >]
       Unknown --- two tails 
       Known ---one tails  
    ผผ.ผผ.ผผผผผผผ ผผผผผผผผผผผผ 2016
                     Type I & II errors
                                    6
    ผผ.ผผ.ผผผผผผผ ผผผผผผผผผผผผ 2016