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File: Programming Languages Pdf Notes 187712 | 02programminglanguages
programming languages an overview comp 524 programming language concepts bjorn b brandenburg the university of north carolina at chapel hill based in part on slides and notes by s olivier ...

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               Programming Languages
                                    — An Overview —
                                     COMP 524: Programming Language Concepts
                                     Björn B. Brandenburg
                                     The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
         Based in part on slides and notes by S. Olivier, A. Block, N. Fisher, F. Hernandez-Campos, and D. Stotts.
 Tuesday, January 12, 2010
  02: Programming Languages                                            COMP 524: Programming Language Concepts
        A Brief History of Modern Computing
    Early computers required rewiring.
     ➡ For example, ENIAC (Electronic Numerical 
         Integrator and Computer, 1946) 
         programed with patch cords.
     ➡ Reprogramming took weeks.
     ➡ Used to compute artillery tables.
     Von Neumann: stored program computers.
     ➡ Innovation: program is data.
     ➡ Program stored in core memory.
     ➡ Allowed for “rapid” reprogramming.
      Early programming.
       ➡ Programmers wrote bare machine code.
       ➡ Essentially, strings of zeros and ones.
       ➡ Created with punchcards.                                        Magnetic core memory. Each core is one bit.
                                                                         Source: Wikimedia Commons
                                                                         Credit: H.J. Sommer III, Professor of Mechanical
                                                                                    Engineering, Penn State University
  UUNNCC  CChhaappeel l HHillill             Brandenburg — Spring 2010                                          2
 Tuesday, January 12, 2010
  02: Programming Languages                                            COMP 524: Programming Language Concepts
                                     Machine Code
                  A punch card.
                  Source: Wikimedia Commons
                 Limitations.
                 ➡ Hard for humans to read and write.
                 ➡ Very error-prone.
                 ➡ Slow development.
  UUNNCC  CChhaappeel l HHillill             Brandenburg — Spring 2010                                          3
 Tuesday, January 12, 2010
  02: Programming Languages                                            COMP 524: Programming Language Concepts
    Assembly Code
  Idea: use the computer to simplify 
  programming!
   ➡Possible since programs are data.
   ➡Computer transforms human-
     readable input into machine code.
  First step: direct mapping.
   ➡Use mnemonic abbreviations for 
     instructions.
       ‣ One abbreviations for each 
         instruction.
       ‣ Also encode operands.
   ➡Computer assembles real 
     program by mapping each line 
     to its machine code equivalent, 
     thus creating a new program.
   ➡Assemblers are still in use today.
  UUNNCC  CChhaappeel l HHillill             Brandenburg — Spring 2010                                          4
 Tuesday, January 12, 2010
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...Programming languages an overview comp language concepts bjorn b brandenburg the university of north carolina at chapel hill based in part on slides and notes by s olivier a block n fisher f hernandez campos d stotts tuesday january brief history modern computing early computers required rewiring for example eniac electronic numerical integrator computer programed with patch cords reprogramming took weeks used to compute artillery tables von neumann stored program innovation is data core memory allowed rapid programmers wrote bare machine code essentially strings zeros ones created punchcards magnetic each one bit source wikimedia commons credit h j sommer iii professor mechanical engineering penn state uunncc cchhaappeel l hhillill spring punch card limitations hard humans read write very error prone slow development assembly idea use simplify possible since programs are transforms human readable input into first step direct mapping mnemonic abbreviations instructions instruction also...

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