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wjpmr, 2021,7(4), 372 – 376. SJIF Impact Factor: 5.922
Review Article
Shikha et al. World Journal of Pharmaceutical and Medical Research
WORLD JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL
ISSN 2455-3301
AND MEDICAL RESEARCH
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GARBHINI PARICHARYA MENTIONED IN AYURVEDA
Dr. Shikha Gautam* and Dr. Shashi Singh
1
PG Scholar Dept. of Prasuti Tantra and Stri Roga Govt. Ayurvedic College, Varanasi (U.P).
2
Reader Dept. of Prasuti Tantra and Stri Roga Govt. Ayurvedic College, Varanasi (U.P).
*Corresponding Author: Dr. Shikha Gautam
PG Scholar Dept. of Prasuti Tantra and Stri Roga Govt. Ayurvedic College, Varanasi (U.P).
Article Received on 21/02/2021 Article Revised on 11/03/2021 Article Accepted on 31/03/2021
ABSTRACT
Garbhini paricharya refer to antenatal care which recommends Ahar (specific dietary regimen) Vihar (normal daily
activity) and Vichara (psychological and emotional activities). It is defined as a comprehensive coordinated
approach to medical care and psychological support that begins before conception and extend throughout antenatal
period. Ayurveda considers food to be the best source of nourishments as well as medication for the pregnant
women. Masanumasik Pathaya (month wise dietary regimen) Garbhopaghatakar Bhavas (activities and substances
which are harmful to fetus) Garbhasthapak Dravyas (substances beneficial for maintenance of pregnancy) are main
components of Garbhini Paricharya. The whole 9month diet is a unique strategy of Ayurveda. Along with the
ahara, medication and yoga are useful and supportive to garbhini. The main intend behind advising Garbhini
Paricharya is Paripurnatya (provide proper growth of the fetus and mother), Anupaghata (uncomplicated
pregnancy), Sukhaprasava (for healthy delivery and healthy child of desired qualities and longevity). Conclusion:
The ancient ayurvedic literature described in various Samhita; is not only unique but also scientific as modern
medical sciences so antenatal care should be done in integrated way i.e. as per modern science and as described in
Ayurveda.
ayurvedic classics so as to achieve healthy baby to
INTRODUCTION
healthy mother.
Pregnancy is one of the milestones in women’s life. It is
a physiological condition where conception and growth
Aims and Objectives-Aims
of the fetus occurs in the womb for maintenance of
To collect and analyze the masanumasik garbhini
species. It is a time of transformation when the amazing paricharya.
changes are experienced. Charak has explained that due
To understand the clinical importance of garbhini
to the prachalita dhatus and doshas, the lady will be
paricharya as described in ancient treatise and its
prone for getting vikrutis. thus, the pregnant lady shall be
utility in today’s context in co-relation with pre-
treated with special care just like a pot filled with oil. As natal care.
slightest oscillation of such a pot causes spilling of the
oil, similarly the slightest exertion or excitement to the
Objectives
pregnant woman can initiate adverse pregnancy outcome.
To ensure a normal pregnancy with delivery of healthy
baby from healthy mother.
Antenatal period is very crucial in women life as there is
a continuous growth of the embryo or fetus, there is also
The main objective of Ayurveda towards the care of
variation in its requirements of food and nutrition. Thus,
pregnant women resides around three main objectives-
necessities of the mother also modify. The health of the PARIPURNATVA (proper growth of the fetus and
baby completely depends on mother therefore it is better
mother)
to take care that pregnant lady is getting adequate care
ANUPAGHATA (non-complicated pregnancy)
and nutrition and proper food so that she delivers a
SUKHAPRASAVA (normal delivery)
healthy baby without complications. This can be
achieved with the help of garbhini paricharya. In garbhini
MATERIAL AND METHODS
paricharya acharya charak mentions that a woman who
desires a healthy- and good-looking progeny should not
Literature, brihatrayee, all available ayurvedic classic,
indulge in uncongenial diet and regimen, in other words modern available texts, magazines, journals and research
she must adopt good conduct, congenial diet and papers.
regimen. In the present review prime focus is given on
monthly regimen for pregnant women described in
Type of Study- Conceptual type.
372
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Shikha et al. World Journal of Pharmaceutical and Medical Research
Garbhini Paricharya this can be studied in to three requirement. Thus, the dietetic requirements of the
parts i.e. mother also change month wise. By following these
Masanumashika Pathya (Monthly dietary regimen) dietetic regimens prescribed, the pregnant woman
Garbhopaghatakarabhavas (Activities and substance remains healthy and delivers the child possessing good
which are harmful to foetus) health, energy or strength, voice, compactness and much
Garbhasthapaka dravyas (Substances beneficial for superior to other family members. Further he and
maintenance of pregnancy) Vaghbhat say that by the use of this kuksi(abdomen),
sacral region, flanks and back become soft, Vayu moves
Masanumashika Pathya (Month wise Dietary into its right path,feces,urine and placenta are excreted or
Regimen) expelled easily by their respective passages; skin and nail
All aspects of the month wise diet and regimen become soft ,woman gain strength and complexion and
prescribed by our acharya is difficult to explain. she delivers easily at proper time a desired, excellent,
Moreover, in day to day practice we follow and advice healthy child possessing all the qualities and long life.
only few of them. The requirement of nutrition varies The following tableenable comparative study of month
according to developmental stage of foetus month wise diet and regimen mentioned by various acharya-
wisely. Pregnancy imposes the extra nutrients Month wise Regimen as per Samhita
Months Charak samhita Sushruta samhita Astanga sangraha Harita samhita
Madhuyasthi,
1st Non medicated milk Madhur, sheet, liquid diet Medicated milk madhukapuspa with
month butter, honey and
sweetened milk
2nd Milk medicated with Same as Charaka milk Sweetened milk
month madhura rasa drug Same as first month medicated treated with
with madhura rasa kakoli
3rd Milk with honey and Same as first month Milk with honey and ghirta Krisara
month ghirta
4th Cooked sasti rice with curd, Medicated cooked
month Milk with butter dainty food mixed with milk and Milk with one tola of butter rice
ghirta
5th Ghirta prepared with Cooked shastika rice with milk,
month butter extracted from jangal mansa along with dainty Same as Charaka Payasa
milk food mixed with milk and ghirta
6th Ghirta prepared from Ghirta or rice gruel medicated with
month milk medicated with gokshura Same as Charaka Sweetened curd
Madhur drugs
7th Same as sixth month Ghirta medicated with Same as Charaka Ghirtakhanda
month prithakaparnyadi group of drugs
Asthapanabasti with decoction of Kshirayawagu mixed with
badri mixed with bala, atibala, ghirt, asthapanabasti with
8th Kshira yawagu mixed satapuspa, patala etc, honey and decoction of badari, Ghritapuraka
month with ghirta ghirta. Asthapan is followed by anuvasana basti with oil
Anuvasana basti of oil medicated medicated with madhra
with milk, madhura drugs drugs
Anuvasanabasti with oil
9th prepared with drugs of Unctuous gruels and jangal mansa Same as Charaka Different varieties of
month madhura group, vaginal ras up to the period of delivery cereals
tampon of this oil
Clinical Importance of Garbhini Paricharya First nutrients. Use of cold and sweet liquid diet and milk
Trimester will prevent dehydration and supply required
Embryogenesis takes place in the first trimester nourishment.
hence an increased amount of energy is required Drugs of Madhura group being anabolic will help in
during this period. All these energies will be maintenance of proper health of mother and foetus.
provided by Kshira, Ghirta, Krusara, Payasa, Kshira
medicated with Madhur ausadhi. Second Trimester
During first trimester of pregnancy, most women Fourth month onwards muscular tissue of foetus
experience nausea and vomiting, thus cannot take grows sufficiently requiring more protein which is
proper diet which results in dehydration and loss of supplied from animal sources such as meat, milk,
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Shikha et al. World Journal of Pharmaceutical and Medical Research
cheese, butter etc. vitamin A, D, E, K, calcium, potassium and small
Milk provide nourishment and stability to foetus. amount of riboflavin and pantothenic acid.
Cooked sasti rice advised in garbhini paricharya is Milk- it is rich source of protein and vitamins.
rich in carbohydrate and provide energy to body. Proteins are vital for maintaining tissue such as
Meat provide nourishment to the foetus and help in muscles. It contains vitamins, minerals, calcium,
muscular growth of the foetus. phosphorus, zinc, lactose provides slow release of
By the end of second trimester most women suffer energy.
from edema of feet and other complications of water
retension.so ghirta medicated with goksura is used Garbhopaghatkar Bhavas (Factors Likely To Harm
which is a good diuretic will prevent retention of The Foetus)
water as well as its complications. 1. Charak- use of excessive heavy, hot and pungent
substances, harsh and violent activity.
Third Trimester 2. Sushrut-Vyavaya, Vyayama, Atitarpan, Atikarsan,
Ghirt medicated with prithakparnayadi group of Divaswapna Ratrijagaran, Shoka, Yanaavarohana,
drugs are diuretic, anabolic, relieve emaciation and Bhaya, Utkatasana, Sonitamoksan, Vegadharan,
suppress Pitta and Kapha. Their regular use in Snehan etc.
seventh month might help in maintaining health of 3. Vagbhata- Tiksna Ausadh, Vyavaya, Vyayama.
mother and foetus. 4. Kashyap- Should not look at declining moon,
Yavagu consumption in eight month which is balya setting sun and both the rahus, she should not remain
and brimhana provides nourishment to mother and for long in acutely erect or flexed posture and carry
foetus. heavy weight for long, avoid tremering, excessive
Most women suffer from constipation in late laughing and trauma, use of cold water and garlic.
pregnancy, asthapana vasti administered during eight
month which is best for vata anulomana relieves All These Contraindication Can Be Grouped Under
constipation. besides this may also affect the Following Headings
autonomous nervous system governing myometrium 1. Those which produce psychological or physical
and help in regulating their function during labour. strain such as grief, exercise etc. though normal
Tampon of oil in vagina provides lubrication of coitus and exercise are beneficial, however, their
cervix, vaginal canal and perineum thus help in excessive use or psychological trauma may
normal labour. This may destroy pathogenic bacteria precipitate abortion.
of vaginal canal and prevent puerperal sepsis. 2. Overweight carrying or vehicle riding may
Regular use of tampon might influence autonomic precipitate abortion due to sudden increase in
fibers governing myometrium and in regulating their intraabdominal pressure, prolonged squatting in
functions. abnormal posture and supine position may influence
Milk and drugs of madhura group have been advised placental and uterine blood flow thus cause abortion,
for entire pregnancy period. Milk is the complete intrauterine death of foetus.
food and the drugs of madhura group are anabolic, 3. Avoidance of visit to cremation ground etc.; sudden
thus use of these will help in maintenance of proper shock may produce abnormality specially abortion.
health of mother and growth and development of 4. Use of over satiation may excessively increase the
foetus. body weight of mother and foetus, over eating is one
of the Cause of pregnancy toxemia. Overweight of
Mode of Action of Dietery Ingrident foetus may cause difficulty in labour.
Shali-shastik-it is rich in carbohydrate, provide fuel 5. Specific rays emitted during eclipse may produce
for body, excellent source of niacin, vitamin D, abnormalities of foetus.
calcium, fiber, iron, thiamine and riboflavin. 6. Emesis etc. purifying measures can also precipitate
Mudga- it is rich source of low-fat protein. it abortion due to reflex stimulation of the
contains both insoluble and water-soluble fibers. myometrium.
Water soluble fiber reduces LDL cholesterol and
reduces risk for cardiovascular diseases.it has low Garbhasthapak Drugs (Substances Beneficial For
glycemic index. It digests slowly and releases Maintenance of Pregnancy)
glucose in to blood stream, stabilizing blood sugar. Charak and Kashyap prescribed certain drugs during
Butter-It contains a high amount of saturated fat and pregnancy without specifying their indication, period or
provides 7% of recommended dietary allowance of method of use. Cakrapani has clarified that
vitamin A based on 2000- calorie diet. Vitamin A is garbhasthapana drugs are those which after counteracting
important to vision health. the harmful factors for foetus help in its proper
Ghee- It provides many essential fatty acids such as maintenance, thus these can be considered even as a
omega-3 and omega-6 which provide anti- treatment for abortion.
inflammatory properties, regulate DNA products and
assist with cellular communication. It also contains Vagbhata 1 has indicated use of prajasthapana drugs
described in sutrasthana after pumsawana karma. indu
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Shikha et al. World Journal of Pharmaceutical and Medical Research
says that these drugs prevent abortion. 7 Shiva (Terminalia chebula)
The use of Terminalia chebula in different fraction from
Kashyap has advised these to be used as a routine by fruit were screened for antibacterial and antifungal
pregnant woman. routine use of these drugs might be activity.
beneficial for maintenance of growth and development of
mother and foetus respectively. Drugs mentioned by 8 Arista (Picrorrhiza kurroa)
acharyas are following – The most promising biopharmacological activity of
Aindri (Centella asiatica) biopolymers found in Picrorrhzia kurroa shows
Brahmi (Bacopa monieri) immunomodulatory effect and hepatoprotective effect.
Satavirya (Asparagus recemosus)
Sahastravirya (Cynodon dactylon) 9 Vatyapuspi (Sida cordifolia)
Amogha (Stereospermum suaveolens) The analgesic activity was found in acetic acid induced
Avyatha (Tinospora cordifolia) pain in mice, the result indicated that the sample
Shiva (Terminalia chebula) possessed both analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity.
Arista (Picrorhiza kurroa)
Vatyapuspi (Sida cordifolia) 10 Viswaksenkanta (Callycarpa macrophylla)
Vishwasenkanta (Callicarpa macrophylla) Ethanolic extract of leaves of callicarpa macrophylla has
better anti-inflammatory profile in compare to diclofenac
Mode of Action of Garbhsthapak Dravya sodium.
1 Aindri (Centella asiatica)
Components isolated from centella are responsible for Medicated Water for Expectant Mother’s Bath
CNS activator and lead to utero relaxant action. The cold decoction of pulp of bilva, karpasa, phamphada,
pichumanda, agnimantha, jatamansi and pounded leaves
2 Brahmi (Bacopa monieri) of eranda or water prepared with sarvagandha drugs
Antistress effect of Bacoside found in Bacopa should be used for bathing by pregnant women.
monieri.
Calcium antagonistic activity of Bacopa can be used Manidharana by Expectant Mother
as muscle relaxant and vascular relaxant. The pregnant women should wear the amulet of trivrt at
the region of waist.
3 Satavirya (Asparagus recemosas)
CONCLUSION
Estrogenic effect of satavari on female mammary
gland and genital organs of guinea pig. The pregnancy and child birth are nature’s gift. Care
A glycoside Satavarin isolated from root of of pregnant women is similar to that of foetus. So
Asparagus recemosas has been found to be pregnant women should be looked after carefully
responsible for competitive block of oxytosin induce with pleasant and suitable things, protecting her from
contraction of rabbit’s uteri. all factors which cause abnormalities of the foetus.
To get the fruitful outcome of nature, our acharya
4 Sahastravirya (Cynodon dactylon) has advised garbhini paricharya from conception till
The plant extract checks uterine bleeding, strengthen delivery.
uterine muscles, avert abortion and augment of foetal Ayurvedic principles through the concept of
growth. garbhini paricharya improves the physical and
Ethanolic extract of aerial parts of Cynodon dactylon psychological condition of the pregnant women and
has marked antioxidant activity. make their body suitable for sukha prasava.
Fresh juice of Cynodon dactylon is a remedy for The requirements of the developing embryo are
urogenital disorders like rubella infection, muscle different in different months so acharya mentions
cramps. paricharya according to the need of embryo or
st
foetus. Like during 1 trimester of pregnancy most
5 Amogha (Steriospermum suaveolens)- woman experience nausea and vomiting, thus cannot
Ethanol extract from stem bark of steriospermum given take proper diet. use of cold and sweet liquid diet and
orally shows marked analgesic and anti-inflammatory milk will prevent dehydration and supply required
response in comparison to indomethacin, aspirin and nourishment. Fourth month onwards muscular tissue
morphine. of fetus grows requiring more protein which is
supplied by use of meat soup. By end of second
6 Avyatha (Tinospora cordifolia) trimester most women suffer from pedal edema so
The antioxidant capacity of tinospora cordifolia stem the use of goksuru in 6th month prevent water
methanol extract in daily oral administration of 500mg/kg accumulation. The drug of vidarigandhadi are
for 40 days. diuretic, anabolic, relieve emaciation and suppress
pitta and kapha and help in maintaining health of
mother and fetus. hence it is proved that the diets
and regimen which are described thousands of years
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